Saturday, January 20, 2018

Homélie du samedi, 20 janvier 2018– de la férie

Lundi de la 2ème semaine du temps ordinaire

Mémoire facultative des Sts. Fabien, pape et martyr, et Sébastien, martyr

Lectures du jour: 2 Samuel 1, 1-4.11-12.19.23-27; Psaume 79 (80), 2-3, 5-7; Marc 3, 20-21


Combien de temps se fait-il depuis qu’on a entendu une belle histoire de réconciliation où une personne, un groupe de personnes, ou peut-être un pays a fait preuve d’une bienveillance inattendue pour son ennemi ? Combien d’entre nous ont vécu un tel instant de réconciliation inattendue nous-mêmes ?

Si l’on connaît un peu l’histoire des deux premiers rois d’Israël, Saül et David, dans les livres de Samuel de l’Ancien Testament, ne nous étonne-t-il pas que ce soit précisément ce qui se passe dans notre première lecture d’aujourd’hui : David fait preuve d’une bienveillance inattendue pour Saül et son fils Jonathan quand ceux-ci se font tués en bataille. David loue Saül et Jonathan avec une chanson de lamentation émouvante.

David loue le même Saül que Dieu avait enlevé comme roi d’Israël pour avoir permis le culte d’autres dieux en Israël ; le même Saul qui avait voulu tuer David quand il entendit que David allait être son successeur en tant que roi d’Israël.

Dirait-on peut-être que David n’avait aucune obligation d’être si bienveillant envers Saül ? Il aurait été juste en le mettant à mort pour son idolâtrie et ensuite, en sortes, sa trahison de David, mais au lieu David lamente la mort de Saül et de Jonathan !

La lamentation de David pour Saül et Jonathan fait preuve de la bienveillance radicale de David, qui s’étend même à ses ennemis. Je me demande si ce n’est pas à cause de cette bienveillance radicale au fond du cœur de David, même pour ces ennemis, et non pas parce qu’il était un bon guerrier qui avait tué le Philistin Goliath entre autres exploits de guerre, que Dieu savait que David serait le meilleur choix comme roi d’Israël après Saül.

Une deuxième question à nous demander serait peut-être celle-ci : Comment pourrait-on améliorer notre monde, le bien-être de nos lieux de travail ; de nos familles, en pratiquant ce genre de bienveillance radicale de laquelle David fait preuve ? Quelle amélioration verrait-on dans nos relations interpersonnelles ; les relations diplomatiques entre pays, par exemple, si l’on n’attendait même pas que l’autre nous demande pardon pour pardonner ; si l’on cherchait de manière anticipée la réconciliation ; si notre bienveillance s’étendait non seulement à nos amis mais aussi à nos ennemis ?

Je dirais que, pour atteindre la paix entre nous et dans notre monde, il nous faut parfois, voire souvent, une bienveillance radicale à l’exemple de David ; à l’exemple de notre Dieu.

Sunday, January 7, 2018

Homily for Sunday, 7 January 2018– The Epiphany of the Lord

Readings of the day: Isaiah 6:1-8; Psalm 72:1-2, 7-8, 10-11, 12-13; Ephesians 3:2-3a, 5-6; Matthew 2:1-12

This homily was given at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Parish, Sherwood Park, AB, Canada.

What is the Epiphany, the feast we celebrate today? Growing up, the Epiphany always had the feel of the end of something. Practically, the Epiphany marked the end of the Christmas season. (In the Church, officially, Christmastime ends with the Baptism of the Lord, which we celebrate tomorrow). The Epiphany was the “best before date” of the Christmas tree. Decorations were taken down and put into storage for another year. Family and friends who had visited over Christmastime had gone home; back to work or school; back to their regular, everyday lives. The seemingly endless supply of turkey sandwiches made from Christmas and New Year leftovers had finally dwindled. Christmas carols would no longer be sung or played after the Epiphany. And, on the Epiphany, our three wise men figurines would at long last complete their exhausting journey across the living room to the Nativity scene… Of course, we might imagine, the real journey of the wise men, of which we hear in today’s Gospel and of which our Nativity scene figurines remind us, was truly exhausting, even if they did travel with joy to meet our Saviour!

Even in the Church, the Epiphany has the feel of an ending; a destination. In fact this, I would say, is the purpose of every Mass; every time we gather to worship in this place, not only the Epiphany. Like the wise men in Matthew’s Gospel, we bring gifts. We bring ourselves here to adore the Christ, our Lord; “to pay him homage.” And yet what if I were to say that, while the Epiphany, like every time we gather here to worship, is a kind of destination, it is also a beginning?

After all, what is an “epiphany”? “Epiphany” is originally a Greek word that means “showing forth” or “making known.” And so who is made known on the Epiphany? Of course, God is made known; Jesus Christ, God made human, is made known on his Epiphany.

Our readings today are clear that this celebration of the Epiphany is God’s Epiphany; God’s being “made known” to and in our world. St. Paul uses the language of making known word for word in his letter to the Ephesians from which we hear today. The message St. Paul proclaims, that of his “commission of” and ongoing encounter with “God’s grace,” is a message centered on an ongoing epiphany over time. Through St. Paul’s letters, our Gospels, our Bible— Old and New Testaments— God’s Epiphany has been made timeless. And God continues to be made known to us today.

God’s Epiphany, God’s making himself known to our world, began from the moment God breathed his spirit over the deep and said, “‘Let there be light,’ and there was light.” God’s Epiphany continued through the Law of Moses and the prophets, the “revelation” to which St. Paul refers in his letter to the Ephesians. God has been made known to us in full as Jesus Christ, God’s Epiphany in human form. And God’s Epiphany, this process of eternity being made known to us in and over time, will be completed at the end of time when Jesus Christ returns in glory.

Is it not remarkable, though, that in all this process of epiphany, God does not make himself known as an obviously powerful ruler? In fact the only earthly ruler involved in this Epiphany event as Matthew presents it is the weak and fearful Herod. No, among the first people to experience this high point of God’s Epiphany, the birth of our Messiah, Jesus Christ, are magi from the East, probably astrologers, who looked to the stars for signs of the divine. They are outsiders; non-Jews from another land. They do not even belong to Jesus’ own people.

Yet God includes these magi among the first to witness his greatest Epiphany, the Lord and Saviour of the universe God created and blessed, the stars to which the magi looked. God meets these magi where they are. And from there God guides the magi to the Messiah by a star, the best way these magi knew to encounter God.

God guides the magi from the truth they know, the presence of God in the created universe, already a kind of epiphany or God’s “making known,” to a still greater Truth. The God of almost fourteen billion majestic light years (and counting) of visible universe now makes himself known to magi as a baby in a manger in Bethlehem!

God encounters these “wise men from the East,” searchers for God in the stars, and guides them by a star to where God is made known to the world as a human infant in a manger. God guides these magi from truth to Truth; from epiphany to Epiphany. The magi arrive with their “gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh” to adore the newborn Messiah. Matthew says that “when they saw that the star had stopped, the magi were overwhelmed with joy.” In their great joy, “having been warned in a dream not to return to Herod”— because true joy never denies the sin of the world that Herod represents, nor will the sin of the world ever extinguish our joy in God made known to us— the magi return “to their own country.”

It is at this point, where Matthew’s Gospel leaves off today, when the work of the magi is only beginning. Back in “their own country,” we might imagine, the magi will be entrusted with proclaiming the Epiphany, God of the heavens made known as a human infant in a manger, to their own people. And the same is true of us. Our work of Christmas; our work of being God’s Epiphany, of making God known in our world, begins ever-anew, here and now.

We are, in a sense, the magi of our time, whom God is leading from truth to Truth, to make God known in our world, to bring with us the gift of our presence; our worship; our joy; our works of justice and peace to pay homage to our Messiah. After this Eucharistic celebration, we will return to our homes. In the Church, we will return to Ordinary Time; to keeping time until Christ returns in glory. Our friends and extended family members may have returned to their homes, too. Decorations have been stored for another year. Christmas trees have been taken down. But we, like the magi, are not at the end but at the beginning of a journey, on the cusp of an epiphany, because we are God’s Epiphany to our world today.

How is this so? Howard Thurman, an African American theologian and civil rights leader in the United States in the 1960s, wrote a poem entitled, “When the Song of the Angels is Stilled” to remind us of how we are to make God known to our world by our striving for social justice. Our work for justice only begins with our Christmas and Epiphany celebrations, Thurman once said, “When the song of angels is stilled.”

A few days ago, a Sister of St. Joseph who taught a course on Catholic Social Teaching I took in seminary in Toronto shared an adaptation of Thurman’s poem, written by Michael Dougherty, co-chair of the Social Justice Committee at Sacred Heart Cathedral in Whitehorse. (Dougherty’s reflection is in the next-to-most-recent edition of the Prairie Messenger, for anybody who wants to find it and pray over it.) Dougherty writes:

When the carols have been stilled,
when the star-topped tree is taken down,
when family and friends are gone home,
when we are back to our schedules,
the work of Christmas begins:

To welcome the refugee,
to heal a broken planet,
to feed the hungry,
to build bridges of trust, not walls of fear,
to share our gifts,
to seek justice and peace for all people,
to bring his light to the world.

My sisters and brothers, these are ways in which we might be like the magi to our time; to our world. Our “work of Christmas”; our work of bringing God’s Epiphany to our “own country”; to our world, making the light of Christ, our God, known in our world and in our time, now begins.

Tuesday, January 2, 2018

Homily for Tuesday, 2 January 2018– Memorial of Sts. Basil the Great and Gregory Nazianzen

Readings of the day: 1 John 2:22-28; Psalm 98:1, 2-3ab, 3cd-4; John 1:19-28

This homily was given at St. James Church, Vernon, BC, Canada.

How is it possible for us to discern that somebody, especially one whose task it is to communicate true and accurate information, to teach, or to preach, or simply to live our Christian faith truthfully and authentically, is actually doing so?

The first letter of John, from which we hear today, gives us a hint as to how to live truthfully, authentically, and faithfully ourselves, and how we might discern others who live this way. John says, “abide in him”; abide in God. What does it mean for us to “abide in” God?

To me, our readings today point toward humility as a key virtue toward abiding in God; toward allowing God to work in, with, and around us and not obstructing God’s work through our own pride or impatience. One of my brother Basilian priests has humility almost down to a mantra: “It’s not about me.”

John warns the disciples of his time of “the one who would deceive” them. Who are the most deceptive influences, the most distracting from and destructive of Christian faith, but anybody who would think and act as if our faith, and living it, is about them and not primarily about God?

In John the Baptist, our reading today from John’s Gospel gives us a standout example of humility. For John the Baptist, his ministry of baptizing in the Jordan, his faith and his living it out, is never about him but about God and about Jesus Christ, God’s Son. Could we imagine the temptation John the Baptist might have felt to attribute any success he had in his ministry to himself rather than to God? Instead, John the Baptist retreats to the wilderness, away from attention on himself that would detract from his contemplation of God, his heart-to-heart with God through his baptizing ministry. Still, the people seek out John the Baptist in that wilderness to be baptized. Ultimately, Jesus himself seeks out and finds John the Baptist, just as John announces himself as “not worthy to untie the thong on [Jesus’] sandals.” John never deceives those who tempt him to make himself out to be greater than he is: “‘I am not the Messiah’… ‘What then? Are you Elijah?’ ‘I am not.’”

Sts. Basil of Caesarea and Gregory Nazianzen, bishops of the fourth century whom we celebrate today, are two more examples of allowing God to abide in them because of their humility. Together, as great friends to each other despite the power of their office as bishops, they worked to formulate the truth of the divinity of the Son and then of the Holy Spirit. They reminded especially the wealthiest of the faithful of their responsibility to uphold the dignity of the poorest. Basil and Gregory did all this while living humble and even austere lives themselves.

Basil, who is portrayed in icons with the dove representing the Holy Spirit, and Gregory knew and lived as though their ministry; their teaching was not about themselves but about God. John the Baptist lived and ministered in the same way. Their examples call us to the same lives of truth, faithfulness, and humility, so that God might abide in us and we in God.

Monday, January 1, 2018

Homily for Monday, 1 January 2018– Solemnity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God

Octave Day of Christmas

Readings of the day: Numbers 6:22-27; Psalm 67:2-3, 5, 6, 8; Galatians 4:4-7; Luke 2:16-21


This homily was given at Our Lady of the Valley and St. James Church, Coldstream and Vernon, BC, Canada.

How many names and devotional titles can we think of by which we, as Catholics, celebrate Mary? We often give her, as in the name of today’s celebration, two names, “blessed” and “virgin.” When we speak of Mary as “the Blessed Virgin,” we combine two different Gospel accounts of Mary around the conception, birth, and infancy of Jesus: Matthew, who applies Isaiah’s prophecy to Mary, “A virgin shall be with child,” and Luke, in whose Gospel Mary’s relative, Elizabeth, first calls Mary “blessed.”

The second part of the title of today’s celebration of Mary, “Mother of God,” is a simplified form of a complicated Greek title given Mary at the First Council of Ephesus in 431, theotokos or “God-bearer.” The main purpose of the bishops at Ephesus was to affirm the truth of the two natures of Christ, both divine and human. Mary, then, was said not to have borne Jesus in his human nature but also in his divine nature in her womb; Mary is not only “Christ-bearer” but “God-bearer.”

And we have a long list of less-complicated names for Mary than theotokos. Anybody here whose name is Mary or a variation of Mary: I do not want to be too gloomy, but your name derives from myrrh, the burial spice brought by the magi in Matthew’s Gospel alongside gold and incense. The name Mary— Mariam, “myrrh-bearer”— reminds us of the suffering Mary would endure alongside her Son Jesus through his passion and death. No saint has as many titles or is called upon for as many causes as Mary. Right here [in the Vernon area], Mary is the namesake of our church, Our Lady of the Valley. When I was a teenager, my family moved to a parish called Our Lady of Perpetual Help, outside of Edmonton, Alberta. Pope Francis has helped to popularize the devotion to Our Lady, Untier of Knots, which was not a very common devotion until Francis became pope. Whole countries and regions, like the United States under Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception or the American continents under Our Lady of Guadalupe, are dedicated or, we say, consecrated to Mary.

Mary is called upon in times of illness. She has been called upon to defend nations in times of conflict. She is the patron of many a religious order, of refugees and migrants, of the homeless, the dying, of widows, and of those in situations of unplanned or crisis pregnancies. From the “Black Madonnas” of Częstochowa in Poland and Montserrat in Spain to her appearance to humble shepherd children of Fátima in Portugal; from Lourdes in France to atop a pillar in Spain; from Kazan in Russia to Australia’s Mary, Help of Christians, to Notre-Dame-du-Cap in Trois Rivières, Quebec, here in Canada, and beyond, the number of devotions to Mary and the causes associated with her are countless.

We also often call Mary “Queen of Heaven.” Two glorious mysteries of the Rosary, Mary’s Assumption and heavenly Crowning, recall our belief that Mary has been taken up body and soul into heaven, and reigns there as the greatest of all the saints. When we end our Rosary, and at other times, we pray, “Hail, Holy Queen, Mother of mercy, our life, our sweetness, and our hope”… and, during the Easter season, we might pray the “Regina coeli”: “Queen of heaven, rejoice, for the Son you merited to bear has risen as he said, alleluia”!

But what does it mean for us to recognize Mary as “queen”? I have to admit some personal fascination with royalty. Lately, as I have been staying with family over this Christmas season, I have caught a few episodes of the Netflix series “The Crown.” This series is about the rise to the throne and reign of Queen Elizabeth II. In several scenes of “The Crown,” Queen Elizabeth is sought for her government and diplomatic skill. She is consulted by Prime Ministers in dealing with sometimes tense events in the world early in her reign. “The Crown” portrays Elizabeth as a competent, strong yet calm queen. And yet I am even more drawn to how frequently “The Crown” portrays Elizabeth as a devoted and even tender wife to Prince Philip and mother to their children.
To a much greater extent than of Queen Elizabeth, indeed perfectly so, the same is true of Mary. She is Queen of Heaven, and yet also Mother. Mary is Mother of God; she is Mother of Christ; she is our Mother. Mary’s queenship and motherhood are inseparable. When we pray, “Hail, Holy Queen,” we add immediately, “Mother of mercy, our life, our sweetness, and our hope.” Our Regina coeli acknowledges Mary as “Queen of Heaven” (these are the prayer’s first words), and then immediately as the joyous one who bore her, and God’s, now-risen Son. Our Advent and Christmas hymn, Alma Redemptoris Mater, again acknowledges the inseparable queenship and motherhood of Mary: “Loving mother of the Redeemer, gate of heaven, star of the sea, assist your people who have fallen yet strive to rise again. To the wonderment of nature you bore your Creator, yet remained a virgin after as before. You who received Gabriel's joyful greeting, have pity on us poor sinners.”

St. Thérèse of Lisieux was known for her reverence and yet familial relationship with Mary. St. Thérèse knew Mary intimately as both queen and mother; as queen because Mary is our Mother. Some of the last words St. Thérèse spoke were these: “We know well that the Blessed Virgin is Queen of heaven and earth. But, I believe, she is more Mother than Queen, [because she] greatly increases the splendor of” her children.

As our Mother, the Mother of the Church, the Blessed Virgin Mary does not keep the splendor of queenship to herself. Instead, she guides us tenderly toward and reflects upon us the same splendor of heaven. Through Mary, Mother and Queen, God blesses us in the same way he once asked Moses to bless his people: “The LORD bless you and keep you; the LORD make his face to shine upon you and be gracious to you; the LORD lift up his countenance upon you and give you peace.” Through Mary, our Queen because she is our Mother; Mother of Christ, Mother of God, St. Paul says in his letter to the Galatians, we are made sons and daughters of the same God. “And if son [and daughter], then” we are also heirs (do we hear the royal language here?) to the salvation to which Mary is leading us.

Luke’s Gospel, we hear today, says that, when the shepherds arrived at the manger in Bethlehem where the newborn Jesus lay and “made known what had been told them about this child,” Mary “treasured all these words and pondered them in her heart.” Treasuring and pondering: These are the actions of a devoted, loving mother. As Mary once treasured and pondered the shepherds’ words about her Son Jesus, we can be assured, sisters and brothers, that Mary still ponders and still treasures us in her heart, the heart of a mother.

And so today we celebrate many things, including the beginning of a new year, no less. But, as we ring in this New Year, we celebrate first and foremost our Church’s Mother’s Day. We celebrate Mary, the one who ponders and treasures; the one who blesses and leads us toward heaven, toward God and God’s Son, Mary’s Son, Jesus Christ. Today we celebrate this joyful feast of Mary, greatest among the saints; woman of countless names, titles, and devotions; woman of our age and for all ages; Queen because she is first Mother. She, the Blessed Virgin Mary of Nazareth, is Mother of Christ; Mother of God; Mother and model of the Church; our Mother, for the salvation and greater splendor of her children.